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1/8/2009
Thursday morning
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| A spatial cluster of pleural mesothelioma cases was detected in
Broni, in the Province of Pavia (northwestern Italy). Eighteen
deaths due to malignant pleural neoplasms were observed in the years
1980-87 (SMR: 556; 95% confidence interval:
329-878) and the incidence of pleural mesothelioma in 1980-89 was 9.1
cases per 100,000 person-years among men and 4.3
cases among women. These findings are discussed with reference to the
presence in Broni of a plant manufacturing asbestos
cement products.
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| Mr. Bichard finds it hard to contain his anger over his medical problems
and those of colleagues who are dead or are suffering from lung cancer,
brain tumours, or mesothelioma, a rare cancer of the lung lining. |
| A case-control study on pleural malignant mesothelioma (MM) was
conducted in Casale Monferrato, where the largest Italian
asbestos cement (AC) factory had been operating from 1907 to 1985. In
a previous study we observed a five to seven-fold
increase in the incidence of MM among people living in that city and
never employed in the factory mentioned. The present
study includes cases of MM with histological diagnosis over the
period 1.1.1987-30.6.1993 among residents in the Local
Health Unit (LHU) of Casale Monferrato. Population controls were
randomly extracted from the list of the residents in the
LHU, matched to cases on , date of birth, vital status and date of
death. Cases and controls (or their closest relative) were
interviewed with a standardised questionnaire focusing on asbestos
exposure in the (life-long) residential and occupational
histories and in leisure time activities as well as on occupational
a. |
| The authors briefly reviewed the literature concerning the risk
factors for primary pleural tumors in humans. The results from the
most relevant studies emphasize the fact that the large majority of
mesotheliomas are associated with exposure to asbestos or
asbestiform fibers. Exposure to asbestos is mainly through industrial
use, and mesotheliomas result from occupational,
para-occupational, or environmental exposure. Fibers of crocidolite,
amosite, and chrysotile appear to be, in descending order,
more carcinogenic for pleural tissues. The authors summarize the
available data on consumption of asbestos and
asbestos-based products in Italy. The chrysotile-asbestos mine in
Balangero (Piedmont) stimulated the industrial production of
asbestos-cement; asbestos has been largely sprayed among shipyards
and user for insulating railroad coaches and carriages.
Italy had the greatest consumption of crocidolite in Europe, whi. |
| In stating that a threshold of effect has never been found for asbestos, Rall
stands behind the outdated one fiber can kill theory of carcinogenesis.
However, Rall fails to mention data supporting a threshold for chrysotile in
lung cancer (11, asbestosis (12), and mesothelioma (13) as well as a panel
report from the Health Effects Institute-Asbestos Research (HEI-AR) detailing
animal and in vitro dose-response studies exhibiting no-observed adverse effect
levels (NOAELs) for asbestos (14). Our recent work documents a dose-dependent
increase in asbestos-induced proto-oncogene activation in mesothelial cells with
no induction at lowest concentrations of fibers tested and an enhanced potency
of crocidolite asbestos in comparison to chrysotile (15). |
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